Painful swallowing is something that pretty much everyone has experienced at some point. When we were kids, our mothers often blamed it on something going down the “wrong pipe,” and we accepted that explanation. As adults, we seek a more precise understanding of why this occurs. Is it an ongoing problem or does it occur once and then go away? This exploration delves into the causes of painful swallowing and discerns when it’s appropriate to consult an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist.
What causes painful swallowing?
Pain during swallowing can occur in various areas, including the mouth, throat, esophagus, or the center of your chest. This condition, known as “odynophagia”, is normally temporary, but can sometimes be a symptom of various other medical conditions.
Let’s investigate some common causes of painful swallowing.
Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis is the medical term for inflammation of the tonsils, two small masses of tissue located at the back of the throat. Tonsillitis causes symptoms such as a sore throat, inflammation, and difficulty swallowing and is usually the outcome of a bacterial or viral infection.
If the condition is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics will usually be prescribed and, of course, rest and hydration. In instances of chronic or severe occurrences, a tonsillectomy, surgical removal of the tonsils, may be considered.
Strep Throat
Group A streptococcus is a bacteria that is typically responsible for strep throat. Swollen lymph nodes, scratchy throat, and difficulty swallowing are all common symptoms. Strep throat is transmitted from person-to-person via respiratory droplets and is fairly contagious.
Fast medical attention, typically with antibiotics, is crucial to effectively treat strep throat and prevent potential complications.
Esophagitis
When the muscular tube that links the throat to the stomach, known as the esophagus, becomes swollen, it’s known as esophagitis. It is typically due to factors including acid reflux, infections, or certain medications, leading to symptoms such as trouble swallowing, chest pain, and heartburn.
Dealing with the inherent cause is generally the course of treatment for this condition. The exact course of treatment may include medication, lifestyle adjustments, or in extreme cases surgery.
Mono
Typically, triggered by Epstein-Barr virus, Mononucleosis is an infectious disease. Common symptoms include profound exhaustion, a sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fever. Mono is typically spread by saliva, that’s why it’s commonly called “the kissing disease”.
Normally, rest and supportive care are enough for mono to clear up by itself, there is a potential for severe complications, and people are warned to avoid activities that might propagate the virus during the active period of the infection.
If you’re having pain when you swallow, whatever the cause, consult your doctor.
When does painful swallowing call for a visit to the ENT?
Make an appointment with us as soon as possible if you have painful swallowing in addition to any of the following symptoms:
- Hoarse voice
- Experiencing shortness of breath or lightheadedness
- Unexplained weight loss
- Symptoms persisting beyond one week
- Noticing lumps in the neck
- Presence of blood in bowel movements or saliva
If you’re worried about persistent throat pain, contact us for a consultation.